SpringBoot从入门到精通—MyBatis的配置和使用(注解+XML配置)

关于MyBatis,大部分人都很熟悉。MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架,它支持定制化 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。这篇文章主要介绍了Spring Boot集成MyBatis的两种方式(注解和XML文件配置),需要的朋友可以参考下.

1、使用XML配置MyBatis

1.1 在pom.xml文件中引入MyBatis的依赖
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
     <version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
1.2 编写MyBatis的主配置文件Mybatis-config.xml

在src/main/resources目录下新建mybatis文件夹,然后新建Mybatis-config.xml文件并配置如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!--一些有关于mybatis运行时行为的设置-->
    <settings>
        <!--开启二级缓存-->
        <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
        <!--开启懒加载-->
        <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
        <!--aggressvieLazyLoading当这个参数为true的时候,对任意延迟属性都会完全的加载,当为false时会按需加载-->
        <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>
        <setting name="multipleResultSetsEnabled" value="true"/>
        <setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true"/>
        <setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="true"/>
        <!--开启自动映射-->
        <setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="PARTIAL"/>
        <!--开启驼峰-->
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
        <setting name="autoMappingUnknownColumnBehavior" value="WARNING"/>
        <setting name="defaultExecutorType" value="SIMPLE"/>
        <setting name="defaultStatementTimeout" value="25"/>
        <setting name="defaultFetchSize" value="100"/>
        <setting name="safeRowBoundsEnabled" value="false"/>
        <setting name="localCacheScope" value="SESSION"/>
        <setting name="jdbcTypeForNull" value="OTHER"/>
        <setting name="lazyLoadTriggerMethods" value="equals,clone,
hashCode,toString"/>
    </settings>

</configuration>
1.3 编写Mapper接口以及对应的Mapper映射文件

在src/main/java下新建mapper包,然后新建ArticleMapper接口如下:

/**
*对article表的CRUD
*/
@Repository
@Mapper   //特别注意一定要加上@Mapper注解(或者也可以在启动类中使用@MapperScan)
public interface ArticleMapper {

    /**
     * 增加一片文章
     *
     * @param article 文章对象
     * @return
     */
    Integer add(Article article) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * 删除一片文章
     *
     * @param id 文章id
     * @return
     */
    boolean delete(Integer id) throws SQLException;


    /**
     * 修改一片文章
     *
     * @param id
     * @return
     * @throws SQLException
     */
    boolean update(@Param("id") Integer id, @Param("article") Article article) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * 根据传入的参数查询文章
     *
     * @param id
     * @return
     * @throws SQLException
     */
    List<Article> getArticle(@Param("id") Integer id, @Param("title") String title) throws SQLException;


    /**
     * 查询所有的文章
     *
     * @return
     * @throws SQLException
     */
    List<Article> getAll() throws SQLException;
}

在src/main.resoures下新建mapper文件夹,然后在mapper文件夹中新建对应的Mapper映射文件ArticleMapper.xml如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.xust.iot.springboot_db.mapper.ArticleMapper">

    <insert id="add" parameterType="com.xust.iot.springboot_db.bean.Article" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
       INSERT INTO article ( title, summary, content,level, ctimes, picture )
       VALUES
	      (#{title},#{summary},#{content},#{level},#{ctimes},#{picture})
    </insert>

    <delete id="delete" parameterType="integer">
        delete from article where id=#{id}
    </delete>

   <update id="update">
        update article
        <if test="article!=null">
            <set>
                <if test="article.title!=null">title=#{article.title}</if>
                <if test="article.summary!=null">summary=#{article.summary}</if>
                <if test="article.content!=null">content=#{article.content}</if>
                <if test="article.level!=null">level=#{article.level}</if>
                <if test="article.ctimes!=null">ctime=#{article.times}</if>
                <if test="article.picture!=null">picture=#{article.picture}</if>
            </set>
        </if>
        <where>
            id=#{id}
        </where>
    </update>

    <select id="getArticle" resultType="com.xust.iot.springboot_db.bean.Article">
        select * from article
        <where>
            <choose>
                <when test="id!=null">id=#{id}</when>
            </choose>
            <choose>
                <when test="title!=null">title=#{title}</when>
            </choose>
        </where>
    </select>

    <select id="getAll" resultType="com.xust.iot.springboot_db.bean.Article">
        select * from article
    </select>
</mapper>

然后在application.yml文件中配置mybatis这两个文件的位置:

mybatis:
  config-location: classpath:/mybatis/mybatis-config.xml   #MyBatis主配置文件的位置
  mapper-locations: classpath:/mybatis/mapper/*.xml     #mapper文件的位置 这种写法就注册了所有mapper包下的mapper映射文件

编写一个controller,简单测试一下看看我们配置的MyBatis能不能用。这里为了简单就没有写对应的service。

@Controller
public class ArticleController {

    @Autowired
    ArticleMapper articleMapper;

    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/article/{id}")
    public List<Article>  getArticle(@PathVariable("id") Integer id)  {
       List<Article> articles=articleMapper.getArticle(id,null);
       //articles.forEach(article -> System.out.println("article"+article));
       return articles;
    }
}

测试结果:

2、使用注解配置MyBatis

MyBatis提供了以下几个CRUD基本注解: * @Select * @Update * @Insert * @Delete

增删改查占据了绝大部分的业务操作,掌握这些基础注解的使用还是很有必要的,例如下面这段代码无需XML即可完成数据查询:

@Repository
public interface CourseMapper {

   @Options(useGeneratedKeys = true,keyProperty = "id")
   @Insert("insert into course(cid,cname) values(#{cid},#(cname))")
    int add(Course course);

   @Delete("delete from course where id=#{id}")
    boolean delete(Integer id);

   @Update("update course set cid=#{course.cid},cname=#{course.cname}")
    boolean update(@Param("id") Integer id, @Param("course") Course course);

   @Select("select * from course where id=#{id}")
    Course getOne(Integer id);

   @Select("select * from course")
    List<Course> getAll();
}

MyBatis提供的映射注解

  • @Results 用于填写结果集的多个字段的映射关系.
  • @Result 用于填写结果集的单个字段的映射关系.
  • @ResultMap 根据ID关联XML里面.
 @Results({
            @Result(property = "userId", column = "USER_ID"),
            @Result(property = "username", column = "USERNAME"),
            @Result(property = "password", column = "PASSWORD"),
            @Result(property = "mobileNum", column = "PHONE_NUM")
    })
@Select("select * from t_user")
List<User> list();

在启动类上使用@MapperScan扫描mapper包下的所有的Mapper接口,这样做的好处是可以省去在每个Mapper接口上写@Mapper注解。

@MapperScan(value = "com.xust.iot.springboot_db.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootDbApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringbootDbApplication.class, args);
    }
}

还可以写一个配置类彻底取代MyBatis的所有XML文件。MyBatisConfig.java

@Configuration
public class MybatisConfig {

    /**
     * @return
     */
    public ConfigurationCustomizer configurationCustomizern(){
        return configuration -> {
            configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);  //开启驼峰命名
            configuration.setAutoMappingBehavior(AutoMappingBehavior.FULL);
            configuration.setCacheEnabled(true);
            //.....在mybatis主配置文件可以设置的在这里都可以设置
        };

    }
}

编写一个controller,看看实际的效果:

@Controller
public class CourseController {

    @Autowired
    CourseMapper courseMapper;

    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping(value = "/course")
    public List<Course> show(){
        List<Course> courses = courseMapper.getAll();
        courses.forEach(course -> System.out.println("course;"+course));
        return courses;
    }
}

测试结果

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